Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): what it is and how to manage it in daily life.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition with symptoms such as abdominal pain, cramps, diarrhea, and/or constipation . It is common and can be underdiagnosed, mainly because symptoms vary widely among individuals.

Possible causes and associated factors

IBS can involve:

• changes in intestinal motility

• intestinal hypersensitivity

• changes in the microbiome

• food intolerances/sensitivities

• previous gastrointestinal infections

In many cases, the symptoms are influenced by triggers such as:

• stress

• hormonal changes (more common in women)

• irregular sleep

• inconsistent eating patterns

Diagnosis and follow-up

Diagnosis should be made by a gastroenterologist , with evaluation and tests when necessary. The plan usually includes diet and lifestyle changes, often with nutritional support.

Practical strategies (adjust to the type of symptom)

• Dietary fiber: can help in some profiles (and worsen in others); adjust gradually.

• Hydration: target reference ~2L/day (adjustable to the individual)

• Food diary: identifies real patterns and triggers.

• Regular physical activity: overall support for bowel function.

• Sleep: consistency and quality matter.

• Stress management: yoga, meditation, breathing, scheduled breaks

• Lactose and/or gluten restriction: only if there is a sensitivity.

• Low FODMAP: when indicated, and on a temporary and guided basis.

Where supplements can fit in (without replacing the base)

During more restrictive phases, it may be helpful to ensure adequate micronutrient intake with:

• Multivitamin appropriate to tolerance (pay attention to inulin/lactose/polyols, depending on sensitivity)

• Point support (e.g., lactase, when lactose is the identified trigger)